A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 101
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 127
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 78
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Cache::$dummy is deprecated
Filename: libraries/Driver.php
Line Number: 188
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$cache is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 396
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 371
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 129
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 278
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 149
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 206
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 295
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 333
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 282
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 289
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 304
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 375
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$agent is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$upload is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Nints::$email is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1283
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/core/Public_Controller.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$data is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$cache is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$agent is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$upload is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$email is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 931
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Nints.php
File: /var/www/vhosts/rzvav.com/httpdocs/index.php
Sermaye Piyasası Araçları Nelerdir? – Temelden İleriye Özet Rehber - Sağlık, Yaşam, Gezi, Teknoloji ve Finans: Türkiye'nin Güncel Manşeti | Rzvav.com
Sermaye Piyasası Araçları Nelerdir? – Temelden İleriye Özet Rehber
VIDEO
Sermaye Piyasası Araçları Nelerdir? Yatırıma Başlamak İçin Temel Rehber
Finansal yatırımlar dünyasına adım atmak isteyen herkesin ilk olarak bilmesi gereken konu, sermaye piyasası araçlarının ne olduğudur. Bu araçlar, yatırımcıların birikimlerini değerlendirmelerine, gelir elde etmelerine ve varlıklarını büyütmelerine yardımcı olur. Ancak her bir yatırım aracının kendine özgü riskleri, getirileri ve kullanım amaçları vardır. Bu nedenle yatırım yapmadan önce bu araçları tanımak, finansal okuryazarlık açısından büyük önem taşır.
Hisse Senetleri: Şirket Ortaklığı Sağlayan Yatırım Araçları
Hisse senedi, bir şirketin belirli bir kısmına ortak olmayı ifade eder. Hisse satın alan yatırımcı, şirketin karından pay alma ve değer artışından yararlanma hakkına sahiptir. Hisse senetleri yüksek getirili olabilir; ancak piyasalardaki dalgalanmalara duyarlı oldukları için risk seviyeleri de yüksektir.
Hisse Senedinden Nasıl Getiri Sağlanır?
Hisse senetleri iki şekilde kazanç sağlar. İlki, fiyatın zaman içinde yükselmesiyle oluşan değer artışı; ikincisi ise şirketin kar payı dağıtmasıyla alınan temettüdür. Şirketin büyüme potansiyeli, sektörü ve finansal durumu, hisse performansında belirleyici rol oynar.
Borçlanma Araçları: Tahvil ve Bono
Borçlanma araçları, devletin veya şirketlerin yatırımcılardan borç aldığı finansal enstrümanlardır. Tahvil ve bonolar belirli bir vade sonunda ana para ve faiz getirisi sağlar. Bu nedenle hisse senetlerine göre daha düşük risk taşırlar.
Kimler İçin Uygundur?
Daha stabil ve öngörülebilir getiri arayan yatırımcılar, portföylerine tahvil veya bono ekleyebilir. Özellikle risk iştahı düşük olanlar için bu araçlar güvenli bir tercih sunar.
Yatırım Fonları: Profesyonelce Yönetilen Portföyler
Yatırım fonları, birçok yatırımcının parasının bir araya getirilerek çeşitli menkul kıymetlere yatırım yapıldığı, profesyonel yöneticiler tarafından kontrol edilen araçlardır. Hisse senedi fonları, tahvil fonları, karma fonlar ve alternatif yatırım fonları gibi çok sayıda çeşidi bulunur.
Yatırım Fonlarının Avantajları
Düşük bütçelerle bile geniş bir portföye sahip olma imkanı sunan fonlar, yatırım riskini azaltır. Piyasayı takip etmeye vakti olmayan yatırımcılar, fon yönetiminden avantaj sağlar.
Türev Araçlar: Vadeli İşlem ve Opsiyon Sözleşmeleri
Türev araçlar, belirli bir varlığın gelecekteki fiyatı üzerine yapılan sözleşmelerdir. Vadeli işlem sözleşmeleri ve opsiyonlar, genellikle riskten korunma veya spekülatif amaçlarla kullanılır. Ancak kaldıraç etkisi nedeniyle hem yüksek kazanç hem de yüksek kayıp potansiyeli taşırlar.
Yatırıma Başlamadan Önce Bilinmesi Gerekenler
Yatırıma başlamadan önce yatırımcının kendi risk profilini belirlemesi çok önemlidir. Her yatırım aracının farklı risk düzeyi vardır ve herkesin finansal hedefi farklıdır. Portföy çeşitlendirmesi yapmak, riskleri dağıtmak açısından en sağlıklı yaklaşımdır.
Finansal Okuryazarlığın Önemi
Piyasaları, şirket raporlarını ve ekonomik gelişmeleri takip etmek, yatırım kararlarının daha doğru verilmesini sağlar. Bilgi düzeyi arttıkça yatırım başarısı da yükselir.
Sonuç: Doğru Araçlarla Sağlam Bir Finansal Yolculuk
Sermaye piyasası araçlarını tanımak, yatırım dünyasına adım atmak isteyen herkes için temel bir adımdır. Hisse senedi, tahvil, bono, yatırım fonu ve türev ürünler arasındaki farkları bilmek; uzun vadeli, bilinçli ve sürdürülebilir bir yatırım stratejisi oluşturmak için büyük avantaj sağlar.
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